Penurunan kandungan hidrokarbon menggunakan Constructed Wetland Reactor dalam mengolah limbah minyak

Abstract

Limbah minyak dari kegiatan perbengkalan otomotif umumnya dibuang langsung ke drainase sebelum masuk ke dalam badan air terdekat. Limbah minyak mengandung senyawa aromatik, hidrokarbon, logam dan lainnya yang sangat berpotensi merusak lingkungan. Low cost wastewater treatment seperti wetland memiliki efektifitas yang cukup baik untuk mengolah air limbah domestik dan air limbah spesifik. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kinerja reaktor kontinu wetland kombinasi dengan indigen bakteria dalam mereduksi zat pencemar limbah minyak. Konsorsium indigen bakteri ditambahkan ke dalam reaktor wetland (105 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm) yang terdiri dari kompartement Vertical floating wetland dan constructed wetland dan dioperasikan kontinu selama 30 hari dengan waktu tinggal total 15 hari. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa reaktor ini mampu menurunkan konsentrasi minyak-lemak 73-98%, Total Petroleum Hidorkarbon  77-99%, kandungan minyak 67-94%, dan juga minyak dan lemak 49 – 98%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, reactor continuous vertical flow wetlands kombinasi dengan indigen bakteri dan tanaman Vetiveria z mampu menurunkan kadar minyak-lemak, dan TPH.

Oil and grease wastewater produced by the automotive workshop mainly introduces to the drainage without any prior treatment. Oily wastewater consists of aromatic compound, hydrocarbon, metal, and other contaminates that had major impairments into the environment. Low cost wastewater treatment e.q: wetland has satisfied performance to treat domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of continue wetland reactor combined with consortium indigenous bacteria to treat oily wastewater. Consortium indigenous bacteria were added to the three compartments in the reactor (105 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm); vertical floating wetland and constructed wetland, and it was operated for 30 days with the hydraulic residence time (HRT) for 15 days. As results, this reactor could reduce the concentration of oil-grease, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), oil content, and oil grease (OG) at the level of 73-98%, 77-99%, and 49 – 98%, respectively. This result indicates that combination of consortium indigenous bacteria enhances the effectivity of reactor continuous vertical flow wetlands in degrading the oil-grease contaminants.