Seed germination and adaptation of several national and introduced varieties of spinach plants (Spinacia oleracea L.) in tropical lowlands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33292/ost.vol4no1.2024.111Keywords:
Growth, plant breeding, spinach, seedAbstract
Studi ini bertujuan mempelajari perkecambahan dan adaptasi beberapa varietas nasional dan introduksi tanaman horenso yang ditanam di dataran rendah tropis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada September–November 2023 di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan: percobaan pertama adalah uji perkecambahan dan daya adaptasi empat varietas tanaman pada tray semai menggunakan media tanam organik. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan perlakuan varietas yang terdiri atas empat varietas horenso, masing-masing terdiri dari enam ulangan. Percobaan kedua adalah uji perkecambahan pada dua media perkecambahan yang berbeda, yaitu tanah organik dan tisu basah. Kedua percobaan menggunakan empat varietas yang sama, yakni dua varietas nasional (Kiara F1 dan Okezo 009) dan dua varietas introduksi (Mozart F1 dan Autumn Big-Leaf). Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase perkecambahan biji dan waktu kematian bibit setelah berkecambah. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 0–21 hari setelah semai. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa semua genotipe tanaman horenso yang digunakan tidak mampu beradaptasi dengan iklim tropis dataran rendah. Semua varietas tanaman memiliki persentase perkecambahan yang rendah, berkisar 0–38%, dan semua benih yang berkecambah mengalami kematian di usia 0–14 hari setelah semai.
The study aims to examine the germination and adaptation of several national and introduced varieties of spinach plant in tropical lowlands. This study was carried out on September to November 2023 at the experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Jakarta Muhammadiyah University. This study consisted of two experiments: the first experiment was a test of germination and adaptability of four spinach varieties on seedling trays using organic growing media. The experiment used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with the treatments of spinach verieties consisted of four varieties, each with six replications. The second experiment was a germination test in two different germination media, namely organic soil and moistened tissue. Both experiments used the same four varieties, namely two national varieties (Kiara F1 and Okezo 009) and two introduced varieties (Mozart F1 and Autumn Big-Leaf). The parameters observed were seeds germination percentage and seedlings death time after germination. The observation was carried out at 0 to 21 days after sowing. The results show that all spinach plant genotypes used could not adapt to the climate conditions of tropical lowlands. All four varieties produced low germination percentages, ranging from 0–38%, and all seeds that germinated died within 0–14 days after sowing.
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